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Compression Chambers
Compression Chambers
The size of the compression chambers depends on the drivers and the frequency range you want from the horn. For a rear-loaded bass driver such as in a Lowther horn, the front compression chamber volume tends to vary from about 2.5 liters to 4 or more liters. Of course, a Lowther horn does not have a rear compression chamber (because of the radiation from the front of the driver).
A number of different formulas exist for compression chambers, and any one of them may not give the best size for your application. These formulas should be considered a starting point. One formula for a compression chamber volume:
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VB is the back volume (volume of compression chamber next to horn throat, the front chamber in the diagram on the previous page)
Vas, Fs, and Qts are standard driver parameters
Fc is the lower cutoff frequency of the horn flare (I think)
Another formula comes from the paper by D.B. Keele, Jr., Low-Frequency Horn Design Using Thiele/Small Driver Parameters from the AES (see References) which is a simple form first derived by Klipsch in 1941:
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VB is the back volume (volume of compression chamber)
ST is the throat area of the horn
FC is the horn cutoff frequency
c is the velocity of sound
Front and rear compression chambers are calculated differently in the Leach model.
David McBean's program (see below) can show the effects of different size front and rear chambers on the reactance and SPL generated by a horn.
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