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发表于 2008-6-27 03:20
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Humble Statement
Humble Statement, or how to build a no compromise loudspeaker again
Eight years have passed since I designed the Andromeda loudspeaker. Time to design and build a loudspeaker that could serve as a new reference for years to come. Cabinet construction had to be at least as solid as the Andromeda, driver choice the best available for today’s DIY market and the crossover true three course haute-cuisine.
The tweeter
The Thiel & Partner / Accuton C30N-6-24 is a high efficiency, Ferro fluid filled tweeter with a 30 mm lightweight concave ceramic dome using the smaller size front plate. It has a new 6 mm under hung neodymium magnet system. Very high resolution and very good dispersion. Low resonance frequency allows first order filtering and a crossover frequency as low as 2 kHz. The ultra hard ceramic dome material moves like a piston well above the audible frequency band and the high internal sound velocity features extremely low distortion even at high volume combined with virtually no coloration.
The tweeter alternative
The Focal Utopia TBe is a high efficiency tweeter with a 25 mm lightweight pure beryllium inverted dome. Beryllium's density is 2.5 times lower than titanium and 1.5 times lower than aluminium while its rigidity is 3 times higher than titanium and 5 times superior to aluminium. Which means that for a dome of identical mass, a beryllium version is 7 times more rigid than one made of titanium or aluminium - which have similar rigidity for a given mass. Moreover, the velocity of sound in a beryllium dome is 3 times faster than a titanium version and 2.5 times faster than aluminium. However, the manufacturing of beryllium remains very difficult. Beryllium is an excellent high-tech metal - the only metal able to scratch glass - it is only used in strategic applications in the aeronautical and military industries and consequently, its unique characteristics make it extraordinarily expensive, much more than gold and nearly 100 times that of titanium. And the result is an outstandingly detailed loudspeaker which extends to nearly 40 KHz while maintaining a perfect impulse response.
The midrange
The Thiel & Partner / Accuton C173N-T6-90 is a midrange driver with a light weight concave ceramic cone with a penetrated membrane for resonance damping, double roll fabric surround and a large 55mm titanium voice coil former in a new 173 mm vented basket. The 14mm under hung Neodymium magnet system gives extremely low distortion and very high efficiency of 93 dB. Designed for large 3-way systems as a dedicated midrange driver. Very high resolution and very good dispersion up to 2500Hz. Low resonance frequency allows first order filtering and a crossover frequency as low as 200 Hz – I even ran it without a high pass filter in initial tests! The ultra hard ceramic dome material moves like a piston and the high internal sound velocity features virtually no coloration.
The cabinet inside and out
The raw cabinets were constructed by Dennis Grootaers from The Netherlands. These cabinets are extremely complex and time-consuming to build and are not something for a first-time woodworking project. Be prepared to spend many hours in constructing, sanding and finishing these two “boxes”. The top half is made from CNC-milled mdf panels, stacked to form the tweeter and midrange section of the cabinet. The inside has an irregular shape to cancel standing waves; the outside is curved to give the large cabinet a more friendly appeal. The cabinet's swept-back profile better time-aligns the drivers, and makes the speaker more stable by shifting the centre of gravity rearward. The lower section of the cabinet containing both woofers is more traditional in construction and is made from thick mdf panels with extensive internal bracing. Covering the front of the whole cabinet is the 30mm thick baffle made from solid American walnut wood. The baffle has large rounded-off edges to minimize baffle edge diffraction and has a tapered contour to keep the baffle area as small as possible, minimizing the frontal area and therefore also the amount of reflective surface. Thin routed channels were made to accentuate the vertical direction, making the whole speaker look more slender in appearance. The American walnut baffle has a semi-matt oiled finish, the main mdf section of the cabinet is spray painted in Audi Lava Grey metallic. All this mdf, real-wood, glue, oil and paint results in extremely dead and heavy enclosures weighing about 80kg each. You will need at least two people to lift them! Here are a few photos to explain things a little better:
A higher resolution drawing is available on request. Note that the drawing should be seen as “sketch”. Some improvisation skills of the builder are called for – this is not a beginners project!
Crossover components using the Thiel & Partner C30N-6-24 tweeter:
C1 = 4,7uF Mundorf Silver-Gold
C2 = 4,7uF Duelund VSF copper-foil capacitor
C3 = 0,01uF Vishay MKP1837
C4 = 247µF (100+100+47uF) standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C5 = 820uF bi-polar electrolytic
C6 = 0,56uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C7 = 1,0uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C8 = 47uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C9 = 22uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C10 = 22uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C11 = 15uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C12 = 10uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C13 = 4,7uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C14 = 4,7uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C15 = 22uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
R1 = 3,3 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
R2 = 1,5 ohms 10 watt MOX
R3 = 10 ohms 10 watt MOX
R4 = 1,8 ohms 10 watt MOX
R5 = 10 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
R6 = 150 ohms 5 watt MOX
R7 = 33 ohms 5 watt MOX
R8 = 10 ohms 10 watt MOX
R9 = 1,8 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
L1 = 0,68mH 14AWG copper-foil inductor Rdc = 0,19 ohms
L2 = 10mH correction inductor Rdc = 3,62 ohms
L3 = 3,9mH T130 transformer type inductor Rdc = 0,07 ohms
L4 = 10mH T84 transformer type inductor Rdc = 0,77 ohms
L5 = 1,0mH 16AWG copper-foil inductor Rdc = 0,34 ohms
L6 = 0,33mH 1,0mm wire baked varnish air-core inductor Rdc = 0,47 ohms
L7 = 1,8mH 1,4mm wire baked varnish air-core inductor Rdc = 0,42 ohms
* All components max 2% tolerance * Rdc of all the inductors is very important!
Crossover components using the Focal Utopia TBe tweeter:
C1 = 3,9uF Mundorf Silver-Gold
C2 = 4,7uF Duelund VSF copper-foil capacitor
C3 = 0,01uF Vishay MKP1837
C4 = 247µF (100+100+47uF) standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C5 = 820uF bi-polar electrolytic
C6 = 0,56uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C7 = 1,0uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C8 = 47uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C9 = 22uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C10 = 22uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C11 = 15uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C12 = 10uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C13 = 4,7uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
C14 = 4,7uF high quality MKP (Clarity Cap SA, Mundorf M-Cap Supreme, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Plus, Jantzen Audio Superior Z-Cap, etc)
C15 = 22uF standard quality MKP (Clarity Cap APW, Mundorf M-Cap 250V, Intertechnik Audyn Cap Q4, etc)
R1 = 3,3 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
R2 = 1,5 ohms 10 watt MOX
R3 = 10 ohms 10 watt MOX
R4 = 1,8 ohms 10 watt MOX
R5 = 10 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
R6 = 10 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
R7 = 1,5 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
R8 = 8,2 ohms 10 watt MOX
R9 = 1,8 ohms Duelund Silver Graphite resistor
L1 = 0,68mH 14AWG copper-foil inductor Rdc = 0,19 ohms
L2 = 10mH correction inductor Rdc = 3,62 ohms
L3 = 3,9mH T130 transformer type inductor Rdc = 0,07 ohms
L4 = 10mH T84 transformer type inductor Rdc = 0,77 ohms
L5 = 0,47mH 16AWG copper-foil inductor Rdc = 0,22 ohms
L6 = 0,33mH 1,0mm wire baked varnish air-core inductor Rdc = 0,47 ohms
L7 = 0,56mH 1,0mm wire baked varnish air-core inductor Rdc = 0,42 ohms
* All components max 2% tolerance * Rdc of all the inductors is very important! |
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