diyaudio有人用锗晶体管做了一台功放……

DarkHorse

电路都很经典，但有些用输入变压器的不好搞……
我正在考虑机箱的结构……所以迟一些做好了贴出来……
过完春节刚回来……祝大家新年事事顺利！
[em11][em01]

wongkm33

<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/200621143950977.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/200621143950977.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/200621144041762.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/200621144041762.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
电源部分
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<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/20062114497674.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/20062114497674.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />
<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/20062114503637.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/20062114503637.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

<img src="attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/200621152348134.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/200621152348134.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" /><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/20062115242281.jpg" border="0" onload="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor=\'hand\'; this.alt=\'Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out\';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(\'attachments/dvbbs/2006-2/20062115242281.jpg\');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" />

homedou

是呀.有人都可以用豆腐做出素肉來.如今人的條件好了.當然要嘗嘗鮮了.這點我並不反對.但如果說性能上.豆腐做的素肉是永遠比不上真正的肉.

DarkHorse

<p>确实只能玩玩,不同的条件,工艺造成电路结构不是唯一...</p><p>有些人说好听,特别;有些人说不好玩...</p><p>我觉得做一台称心的放大器绝不是一件易事!</p><p>&nbsp;</p>[em06]

kenny

<p>还有就是还小时候的一个梦想，搞个全锗的试试。</p><p>AD161/162不是钱买的，是国际友人送的。</p>

kenny

<p>这个说的就是曲线斜率大了，看起来很像电子管三极管了。开个玩笑。我手上就是找不到曲线图，有曲线图一定好好琢磨琢磨。不行还是继续电子管吧。</p><p>主要老是出差，想搞个轻便的，非集成电路的5-10W的机器。电子管机这个级别得20KG左右。行李托运就够价钱了。</p><p><strong>穿透电流大：在锗管的集电极加上电压，尽管断开偏置电阻，你会发现已经有了很小的集电极电流，这就是穿透电流，随着集电极电压加大，管子的穿透电流也逐渐上升。如果上晶体管特性测试仪，可以看到管子的电压－电流曲线，是左低右高的斜线，接近极限电压时斜线明显上翘，最后直接上行，管子就处于击穿状态了。而硅管的曲线几乎呈水平，到极限电压时才有上行，在击穿电压处有一个几成直角的明显拐点。而且管子的hfe曲线族明显下面密集，越往上面越稀疏，即众多平行的曲线间距是不等的，越往上间距越大。这说明锗管的放大倍数是随集电极电流上升而增大的。这会加大功放工作的失真度。</strong></p>

凡曲

印象中,锗管热噪大一点.

hzr917064

<p>在七十年代，国内生产的晶体管还是以锗管为主，可能由于当时的生产工艺的控制不过关，锗管的性能确实是不尽如人意。耐压低，穿透电流大，热稳定性能差。</p><p>耐压低：随便翻开一本国产晶体管器件手册，你就会发现很多锗管的型号以不同的尾缀字母分为很多档，其耐压从10几V开始一直到几十V。百V以上的就比较少了。这都是在管子做出来以后，按其成品耐压的不同进行分档，然后再打上型号。所以某种型号尾缀的管子的耐压说是多少就是多少，没有余量的，你可别超规格使用，不然烧你没商量！</p><p>穿透电流大：在锗管的集电极加上电压，尽管断开偏置电阻，你会发现已经有了很小的集电极电流，这就是穿透电流，随着集电极电压加大，管子的穿透电流也逐渐上升。如果上晶体管特性测试仪，可以看到管子的电压－电流曲线，是左低右高的斜线，接近极限电压时斜线明显上翘，最后直接上行，管子就处于击穿状态了。而硅管的曲线几乎呈水平，到极限电压时才有上行，在击穿电压处有一个几成直角的明显拐点。而且管子的hfe曲线族明显下面密集，越往上面越稀疏，即众多平行的曲线间距是不等的，越往上间距越大。这说明锗管的放大倍数是随集电极电流上升而增大的。这会加大功放工作的失真度。</p><p>热稳定性能差：锗管的穿透电流大，而且随温度上升而变大。这种变化极为明显，所以当年的有些功放明明工作电压在正常范围内，有时也莫名其妙烧管了，其实往往就是管子散热不良，音量打大了，时间稍长，功率管就可能发生热击穿。这穿透电流大，热稳定性能差，工作起来热噪声就大，使用锗管功放，你就别指望出现高信噪比的“鬼寂”放音境界了！</p><p>正是由于当年锗管功放经常发生烧管现象，后来硅管多了，人们纷纷用买得到的NPN硅管代换老式锗管放大器上的PNP锗管（那时市场上还鲜见有PNP硅管卖），形成过一段热潮，各电子类报刊也经常发这类文章，年龄稍大点儿的烧友们都知道这些往事的。近来坛子上有兄弟十分推崇锗管，而且锗管有热销势头，甚至搞得“洛阳纸贵”，我不了解眼下热销的这些锗管的生产年代，不敢妄评。不过提醒打算玩儿锗管的兄弟们留意到手的锗管的质量与参数，尽量避免超规格使用。玩玩儿可以，理性发烧，但不宜盲目跟进，大量入货，以规避风险。[em07][em12]</p><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>

kenny

马兄还是建议一下吧。我可能只能找到PNP的国产管了。用什么线路比较合适。AD162/161我也有，不过只找到一对。

DarkHorse

<p>玩矿石机最起码的条件就是要在信号强的地方...要不然怎么做都是徒劳!</p><p>还有,我不是做矿石机过来的,所以我不知道你厚不厚道,呵呵...(玩笑而已,请兄勿怪!)</p><p>我现在已经拥有AD161/162,测过它的漏流,PNP,NPN的都不超1MA,很佩服德国西门子公司的技术...</p><p>国产的锗管就差些了(受温度影响较大)...</p><p></p>

homedou

<div class="quote"><b>以下是引用<i>DarkHorse</i>在2006-12-8 10:00:00的发言：</b><br/><p>你在功放和矿石机上扯什么关系啊,</p><p>人家若大个论坛都有,而且乐在其中,你把人家扁到最低,你不厚道!</p><p><a href="http://cnham.net/bbs/">http://cnham.net/bbs/</a></p></div><p></p>如果你是從做礦石機一路做過來的話.就知道我厚不厚道了.

DarkHorse

<div class="quote"><b>以下是引用<i>homedou</i>在2006-12-8 9:03:00的发言：</b><br/>壇子上的人越玩越離譜了.鍺管在我的眼中差死了.溫漂大.耐壓低.噪音高...唉...人就是喜歡嘗鮮.什麼東東都要拿來試試.下次再就要弄礦石機了.</div><p>你在功放和矿石机上扯什么关系啊,</p><p>人家若大个论坛都有,而且乐在其中,你把人家扁到最低,你不厚道!</p><p><a href="http://cnham.net/bbs/">http://cnham.net/bbs/</a></p>

homedou

壇子上的人越玩越離譜了.鍺管在我的眼中差死了.溫漂大.耐壓低.噪音高...唉...人就是喜歡嘗鮮.什麼東東都要拿來試試.下次再就要弄礦石機了.

kenny

<p>马兄能否继续深入谈谈。国产大功率锗管什么型号比较好。截至频率低如何保证频率响应。</p>

kenny

我倒不是来推锗管价钱。说实话国产大功率锗管还真没有能用的，截止频率太低。估计有专用的高频大功率的，就是市面上见不着。

xmhdxx

锗管涨价喽。

笨鸟

手工不错，学习~~~

kenny

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">也不一定，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">IBM</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">硅锗混合，做出了</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">500Ghz</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">的晶体管，有望实用时达到</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1THz</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"></span></p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3AA</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">系列最大功率的是哪个管子？功率多少？</span></p></span>

格格巫

看看我的F1型（国外叫To-66）封装的准互补OTL放大器，放在办公室接上本本午休时听音乐，很不错的感觉

hzr917064

在人类社会工业文明的历史长河中，从来就是新的取代旧的，先进的战胜落后的。在原材料及加工生产工艺上更是盛行这一近乎残酷的淘汰规律，保证了人类社会各种物质文明的不断发展。在半导体材料的大量应用中，锗是先出现的，等到硅出现后，其性能相对于锗材料在各个方面都具有更多优势，于是硅材料大行其道，几乎迅速占据了锗材料的原有地盘并取而代之。现在怎么有人对早已被取代的锗器件这么感兴趣呢？可能是一种猎奇心理使然吧！因为锗器件近乎全面退出使用久矣，能淘到几件锗器件真属不易，物以稀为贵嘛！所以一些人跃跃欲试，想淘到一套锗器件装机玩儿，试试到底是个嘛味儿！一时间搞得个别JS到处收罗锗器件以抬价转售牟利，形成锗器件有可能“东山再起”的假像，实在是令人哭笑不得！